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Special Use Of Some Words And Phrase Rules

 The use of Be born/Was born

Understanding The Topic:
1. be + born অর্থ জন্মগ্রহণ করা।
2. বিশেষ ধরনের Use হিসেবে verb bear- এর past participle form 'born'ব্যবহৃত হয়।
3. জন্মগ্রহণ করা অর্থে 'bear' verb- টি সর্বদা Passive form- এ past participle হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Note: be verb বলতে am , is , are , was , were- কে বােঝায়।

Uses:
1 . কোনাে স্থানে , কোনাে সালে বা তারিখে জন্মগ্রহণ করা বোঝাতে Structure- টি নিম্নরূপ:
Structure : Sub + To be verb + born + adverbial phrase / prepositional phrase.

Example:
(i) He was born in Dhaka.
(ii) I was born in 1989.
(iii) Robin was born on 2 September 1994.
(iv) The girl was born of an educated family.

2. শারীরিক বিকলাঙ্গ অবস্থায় জন্মগ্রহণ করা বােঝাতে Structure- টি নিম্নরূপ :
Structure : Sub + To be verb + born + adjective.

Example:
(i) Hundreds of children are born blind every year. (ঘটমান / চলমান প্রক্রিয়া )
(ii) The boy was born deaf.

3. কোনাে বিশেষ উদ্দেশ্যে জগ্রহণ করা অর্থে Structure- টি নিম্নরূপ:
Structure : Sub + To be verb + born + infinitive phrase.

Example:
(i) He was born to be the father of our nation.
(ii) Shakespeare was born to be a famous dramatist.

Note : জন্মস্থান বােঝাতে I'm from Dhaka হতে পারে কিন্তু I am born in Dhaka বলা যাবে না।

Special Use Of Some Words And Phrase for HSC

Use of Have to /Has to/Had to

Understanding The Topic:
1. যেতে হবে, খেতে হবে , পড়তে হবে , পান করতে হবে ইত্যাদি Expression প্রকাশ করার জন্য have to / has to phrase ব্যবহৃত হয়। সাধারণত have to / has to কোনাে কাজ করার বাধ্যবাধকতা ও প্রয়োজনীয়তা বোঝাতে ব্যবহৃত হয়।
2. উপদেশ প্রদান করার ক্ষেত্রেও have to / has to ব্যবহৃত হতে পারে।
3. have to / has to- এর past form হিসেবে had to ব্যবহূত হয় এবং Future time- এর ক্ষেত্রে have to / has to কিংবা shall have to / will have to ব্যবহৃত হয়ে থাকে।
4. have / has + to- এর পরিবর্তে have / has + got + to- ও ব্যবহৃত হতে পারে।

Uses : 1. কোনাে কাজ অবশ্যই করতে হবে বা করা প্রয়ােজন এরূপ বাধ্যবাধকতা বােঝাতে have to /has to phrase ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Structure : Sub + have to / has to + verb - base form + object / complement.

Example:
(i) We have to defend our mother. (Obligation)
(ii) We have to produce more food. (Necessity)

2 . ভবিষ্যতে কোনাে কিছু হতে হবে (পেশাগত) বা কোনাে গুণের অধিকারী হতে হবে এরূপ বােঝাতে have to / has to + be ব্যবহূত হয়।
Structure : Sub + have to be / has to be + complement.

Example:
(i) A student has to be confident to pass the exam.
(ii) You have to be a teacher.
(iii) I have to be an artist.

3. অতীতে কোনাে কাজ করার বাধ্যবাধকতা বা প্রয়ােজনীয়তা ছিল অর্থে had to ব্যবহৃত হয়।
Structure: Sub + had to + verb এর base form + object/complement.

Example:
(i) I had to take a taxi to go to college yesterday.
(ii) At last , I had to memories the composition.

4. উপদেশ দেবার জন্য have to / has to ব্যবহূত হতে পারে।
Structure: Sub + have to /has to + verb- এর base form + object.

Example:
(i) Time is precious. So you have to use it properly.
(ii) Health is wealth. So , you have to take care of your health.

5. এ জাতীয় Sentence- কে Negative ও Interrogative করার সময় Tense ও Subject- এর Number ও Person অনুযায়ী do/does /did ব্যবহৃত হয়।

Structures:
Negative : Sub + doesn't/don't/didn't/have + to + verb + Complement.
Interrogative : Do/Does /Did + sub + have to + verb + Complement ?

Example:
Affirmative: You have to go there.
Negative: You don't have to go there.
Interrogative: Do you have to go there?

Understanding The Topic:
1. Have ও have got একই অর্থে ব্যবহৃত হয়। অপর দিকে have got to ও have to একই অর্থে ব্যবহৃত হয়ে থাকে।
2. সাধারণত কোনাে মালিকানা (Possession), সম্পর্ক (Relationship), অসুস্থতা (Characteristic) ইত্যাদি প্রকাশে have বা have got ব্যবহূত হয়। আবার , বাধ্যবাধকতা (Obligation) অথবা অবশ্যই করতে হবে (Must) অর্থে have to / have got to ব্যবহৃত হয়।
 As much/many as/as far as/as fast as/as long as
 
Structure-1: Subject + verb + as + much/far/many/fast/long + noun + as + other word(s). Structure-2: Subject + verb + as + much/far/many/fast/long + as + adjective.   Example: 1. I haven’t got as much as I thought. 2. I ate as much as I could.  
Whenever

Structure-1: Whenever (adverb) + 1st clause +----, + 2nd clause+… Example: i. Whenever he comes here, he meets me. ii. Whenever I advise him, he insults me.   Structure-2:  Main (1st) clause + whenever (conjunction) + sub-ordinate (2nd) clause. Example: i. You will see her whenever you go there. ii. I become whenever I see him. iii. I find joy whenever I see him.  
Would you like/would like
 
Structure-1: Would you like + infinitive (to + V1) + extension?   Example: i. Would you like to go with us? ii. Would you like to have a launch now?   Structure-2: Subject + would like + to + V1 + object/extension.   Example: i. I would like to buy two kilos of tomato, please. ii. I would like to use your bicycle, please. iii. I would like to congratulate you on your examination result.  
What if
 
Structure: What if + affirmative/negative sentence+….? Example: i. What if I come tomorrow instead of this afternoon? ii. What if she does not pass in the exam?  
In order to/So as to
 
Structure: Subject + verb + [other word (s)] + in order to/so as to +V1 + object/extension.   Example: i. I watch him in order to/so as to know about him. ii. Everybody works hard in order to/so as to shine in life.

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