Determiners are usually placed before the noun: A/an/the + (adj) + Noun
Articles: the, a/an
Quantifiers:
some, many, etc.
Demonstratives:
this, these, that, those, [Pronoun] Numerals: two, five, etc.
Possessives: my, their, etc. [Pronoun]
There are two articles in English: the definite
article "the" and the indefinite article "a/an".
The article
indicates whether the noun before which it
stands is specific “the” (the book, the books) or “some, any, one of (a book,
an apple).
If common noun is in
the form of plural noun, it will not take any “Article”
We are both doctors.
“A/an” is used to show that you are
referring to a general type of person or thing and not a specific person or
thing. “a/an” is used before singular. A /an + adj + noun: Noun phrase
Before a noun that starts with a vowel (a, e, I, o, u) we
use “an”. an orange, an egg Before
a noun that starts with a consonant we use “a”. a woman, a boy
-
There is an
ink-pot on the desk.
-
They saw a
horror film last night.
“A” is used in some phrases that say how
much of something there is: a profit of, a few, a great deal of...
-
Mercedes
announced a 20% profit for the first half of the year.
“The” is used to show that
you are talking about a particular thing or person that has already been mentioned,
is already known about, or is the only one. “The”
güneş, ay gibi tek olan varlıklar içinde kullanılır. The sun, the moon. We don’t use depart from platform 1, 2, 3, ..
-
Radiation from
the sun can cause skin cancer.
- In 1969 Neil Armstrong became the first man
on the moon.
-
What is the
capital of Spain?
“The”
is used when you are about to make it clear which person or thing you mean:
- There were lots of fish in the lake
and we caught several big ones.
“The” is used before an adjective to
make it into a plural noun when you are referring to all the people that
the adjective describes:
- When someone becomes a doctor they make a
promise to always help the sick.
“The”
is used before the name of a family in the plural to refer to all the members
of that family:
- Did you remember to invite the Smiths
to dinner?
"The"
goes with name of countries having to words or more.
Use "the": with words for
institutions places and countries, and all rivers and oceans, have “the” as part of
their name, when you are talking about a particular one:
-
Researches in the
Amazon continue to find new species of plants and animals.
-
The Saudis
have created a monster in the world of Islam.
- The Berlin Crisis of 1961
- The Canary
Islands.
-
The Sarbone University
-
The USA: The
United State of American.
- The Far East
-
The biggest
ocean in the world is Pacific. It covers 32.6 % of the world’s surface.
Normally before villages, city, state, and
country; “Article” is not used. Do not use "the" with the name of a
place, for example a street, town, country, or airport. He went to Bankok on holiday. It was his first trip to Thailand.
-
The biggest fresh water lake in the world is Lake Baikal in Russia.
It is 400 miles long and 80 miles wide.
Normally, Proper Noun doesn’t take any
“Article” before it:
- Sally always goes for a walk in St. John’s
Park on Sunday afternoons.
Superlative
comparison: the + (most) adj/adv+ est:
- The Nile is the longest river in the
world. It is 6700 kilometers long.
The expression “the number” is followed
by a singular verb while the expression a number is followed by a plural
verb.
-
The number of
casualties is unknown.
The adj. /
adv. + noun: işte bu… (“The” eki sıfat ya da zarfın önüne gelir
ve vurgu yapar.)
- The very idea: işte bu fikir.
The fact:
The fact is (that): Gerçek şu ki
- The fact is (that) we don't have enough money.
- The fact is, he lost because he didn't try
very hard.
Noun Clause:
- The fact that she should see a doctor is very important.
The … is a fact: … bir gerçektir.
Something that you may not like
but have to accept because it is always there or always true
- The need to ration healthcare resources is a
fact of life.
-
Everyone talks about sexual equality, but the fact remains that women are
paid less than men.
Order number of four: the fourth
-
John F. Kennedy was the
youngest of the United States and the fourth to be assassinated.
“The + adj” plays a plural noun which means a group of
people who have common characteristics (The French, The old, The rich...):
-
The French
are very polite
people.
-
The police have no evidence at all. The police have no evidence
whatsoever. (The police: polis teşkilatı)
Whatsoever=at all:
hiç
- The intelligent (people) are not arrogant.
-
The meek
(humans) shall inherit the earth.
-
The old (men)
and the young (children) were evacuated from the building.
- The rich (people) are privileged.
-
The office
finally admitted that several prisoners had been injured.
If the word is
in the plural form it is acting as a noun and in the singular form it could be
acting as an adjective or a noun.
-
The Indian
brass work is popular in the west. (Adjective)
- The Indians are going for elections. (Noun)
- The African nations are taking cogent steps
to fight apartheid. (Adjective)
-
The
Africans are hardworking people. (Noun)
- The American tourist visited the museum. (Adjective)
-
The
American shopped in the market. (Noun)
