• THE CONJUNCTIONS
A conjunction is a word which joins
together two sentences and sometimes worda. Class of conjunctions
Conjunctions are divided into three
classes.
(1) Co-ordinating (2) Subordinating (3) correlative
(1)
Co-ordinating Conjunction :
A co-ordinating conjunction joins
together statementB or clauses or phrases of equal rank.
The chief co-ordinating conjunctions are and, but, fOr, or, still, yet,
Bo, otherwise, nor, neither, either, as well as, etc.
(1)
The cattle graze and the
shepherds sing.
(2)
She must weep or ahe will die.
(3)
He is rich but he is miser.
(2) Subordinating Conjunction : "
A subordinating conjunction is defined as a word that joins a clause to
another on which it depends for ita full meaning. A subordinating conjunction
introduced the dependent or subordinate clause. The chief subordinating
conjunctions are : after, because if,
that, though, although, till, before, unleBa, aa, when, where, while, than,
that, etc.
(1)
Make hay while the sun shines,
(2)
He ran away because he
was afraid of the situation.
(3)
Correlative Conjunction :
There are certain conjunctions or
conjunctive expressions in EngliBh that alwaya
go in pairs.
These
are bnown as corelatives.
)’hey are Neither — Nor — she cares
neither for me nor for my parents. Both — And —She ate both the bread and the
banana
Either—or Either eat or place it on the table.
Not only — but also — Nehru waa not
only a great statesman but also a distinguished writer.
No Sooner — than — No sooner did she
enter the examination hall tlian the
bell rang.
Though — yet — Though he ie poor yet
he is happy.
S that — He
shouted ao loudly that everybody waB Bhocked. Hardly — When — Hardly had he
gone out when it BtRrted raining. Whether —or— I don’t care whether he performs
or not.
Uae of some important conjunctions
0 And, as
well as, not
only, but als merely
add one statement to another. eg. Sita and I are good Friends.
eg.Rahu1 aB well as Neeraj are
guilty.
eg.He not only failed in the
examination but was alao terminated from the
college.
o
But,
still, yet are used to expreBs opposition or contract beloween two statements.
eg.He ia rich but he ia miser.
eg.She was excited, Btlll she kept
quiet. eg.She strived a lot yet failed.
o
Though, Although, However, also express contrast
eg.Although you don’t like you can atill be polite.
eg.Though he is very ill yet he always
keepa himself positive. eg.We were late, however we decided to go.
D Either or , Neither nor express a choice between two
alternatives. eg. He was neither a good father nor a good husband.
eg. Either he or his aiater did it.
eg. Walk cautiously or you'll stumble. o For,
therefore, so express inference.
eg.
It wJJl rain for there are black
clouds. eg. As and aince are uBed to express reaBon. eg. Since you wish
it, it Bhall be done.
eg. Aa he was laborious, the teacher encouraged him.
R Because iB
also used to express reason
eg. I honour him because he is an honeat man.
O After, before, till, since, ere are used
to denote time : eg. Sachin
scored sixty before
he was caught at the wicket.
eg. I reached the station after the train had
left.
o
That, so
that, lest, in order that, so as to denote purpose. eg. We eat so that we may live.
eg. He worked hard feat he should fail.
0 If, unless express condition
eg. Nation cannot progress unless we work hard eg.
I will do this if I am allowed.
0 ‘Than’ is used to express compassion eg. I am taller than Harsit.
 |
• SUMMARY
› A conjunction is a word which joins together two sentences and
sometimes words.
› Class of conjunctions
Conjunctions are divided into three claBses.
(1) Co-ordinating (2) Subordinating (3) correlative
› A co-ordinating conjunction joins
together statements or clauses or phrases of equal rank.
› A subordinating conjunction i8 defined as a word that joinB a clause to another on which it depends for ts full meaning.
